Intestinal Research

IBD/ Infection

Durability and outcomes of fecal microbiota transplantation for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection in patients with moderate to severe inflammatory bowel disease: Raseen Tariq, Edward V Loftus Jr, Darrell Pardi, Sahil Khanna; Intest Res 2024;22(2):208-212. Published online January 9, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2023.00100

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Perception of fecal microbiota transplantation in patients with ulcerative colitis in Korea: a KASID multicenter study
Jebyung Park, Sung Noh Hong, Hong Sub Lee, Jongbeom Shin, Eun Hye Oh, Kwangwoo Nam, Gyeol Seong, Hyun Gun Kim, Jin-Oh Kim, Seong Ran Jeon
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2024; 39(5): 783. CrossRef

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Infection

Not all acute colonic diverticulitis follows the same course: a potential risk for immunocompromised individuals: Yehyun Park; Intest Res 2023;21(4):415-417. Published online October 26, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2023.00142

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How the COVID-19 pandemic affected the severity and clinical presentation of diverticulitis: Sara S. Soliman, Rolando H. Rolandelli, Grace C. Chang, Amanda K. Nemecz, Zoltan H. Nemeth; Intest Res 2023;21(4):493-499. Published online October 26, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2022.00042

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Background/Aims
Single-institution studies showed that patients presented with more severe diverticulitis and underwent more emergency operations during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Therefore, we studied this trend using nationwide data from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database.
Methods
Patients (n = 23,383) who underwent a colectomy for diverticulitis in 2018 (control year) and 2020 (pandemic year) were selected. We compared these groups for differences in disease severity, comorbidities, perioperative factors, and complications.
Results
During the pandemic, colonic operations for diverticulitis decreased by 13.14%, but the rates of emergency operations (17.31% vs. 20.04%, P< 0.001) and cases with a known abscess/perforation (50.11% vs. 54.55%, P< 0.001) increased. Likewise, the prevalence of comorbidities, such as congestive heart failure, acute renal failure, systemic inflammatory response syndrome, and septic shock, were higher during the pandemic (P< 0.05). During this same period, significantly more patients were classified under American Society of Anesthesiologists classes 3, 4, and 5, suggesting their preoperative health states were more severe and life-threatening. Correspondingly, the average operation time was longer (P< 0.001) and complications, such as organ space surgical site infection, wound disruption, pneumonia, acute renal failure, septic shock, and myocardial infarction, increased (P< 0.05) during the pandemic.
Conclusions
During the pandemic, surgical volume decreased, but the clinical presentation of diverticulitis became more severe. Due to resource reallocation and possibly patient fear of seeking medical attention, diverticulitis was likely underdiagnosed, and cases that would have been elective became emergent. This underscores the importance of monitoring patients at risk for diverticulitis and intervening when criteria for surgery are met.

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Surgical and non-operative treatment of acute complicated diverticulitis in a COVID hospital
A. E. Tyagunov, N. A. Shcherbakov, R. R. Akhmedov, N. S. Donchenko, B. K. Laipanov, Z. M. Alieva, E. A. Stradymov, A. V. Tavadov, A. T. Mirzoyan, D. D. Fyodorov, A. A. Tyagunov, A. V. Sazhin
Koloproktologia.2024; 23(2): 108. CrossRef

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Infection

Comparative outcomes of acute colonic diverticulitis in immunocompromised versus immunocompetent patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis: Jae Gon Lee, Yong Eun Park, Ji Young Chang, Hyun Joo Song, Duk Hwan Kim, Young Joo Yang, Byung Chang Kim, Shin Hee Lee, Myung-Won You, Seong-Eun Kim; Intest Res 2023;21(4):481-492. Published online May 31, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2023.00005

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Background/Aims
Immunocompromised patients with acute colonic diverticulitis are at high risk for complications and failure of non-surgical treatment. However, evidence on the comparative outcomes of immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients with diverticulitis is lacking. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the outcomes of medical treatment in immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients with diverticulitis.
Methods
A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Studies comparing the clinical outcomes of immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients with diverticulitis were included.
Results
A total of 10 studies with 1,946,461 subjects were included in the quantitative synthesis. The risk of emergency surgery and postoperative mortality after emergency surgery was significantly higher in immunocompromised patients than in immunocompetent patients with diverticulitis (risk ratio [RR], 1.76; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.31–2.38 and RR, 3.05; 95% CI, 1.70–5.45, respectively). Overall risk of complications associated with diverticulitis was non-significantly higher in immunocompromised than in immunocompetent patients (RR, 1.24; 95% CI, 0.95–1.63). Overall mortality irrespective of surgery was significantly higher in immunocompromised than in immunocompetent patients with diverticulitis (RR, 3.65; 95% CI, 1.73–7.69). By contrast, postoperative mortality after elective surgery was not significantly different between immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients with diverticulitis. In subgroup analysis, the risk of emergency surgery and recurrence was significantly higher in immunocompromised patients with complicated diverticulitis, whereas no significant difference was shown in mild disease.
Conclusions
Immunocompromised patients with diverticulitis should be given the best medical treatment with multidisciplinary approach because they had increased risks of surgery, postoperative morbidity, and mortality than immunocompetent patients.

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Not all acute colonic diverticulitis follows the same course: a potential risk for immunocompromised individuals
Yehyun Park
Intestinal Research.2023; 21(4): 415. CrossRef

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Infection

Interferon-gamma release assay has poor diagnostic accuracy in differentiating intestinal tuberculosis from Crohn’s disease in tuberculosis endemic areas: Karan Sachdeva, Peeyush Kumar, Bhaskar Kante, Sudheer K. Vuyyuru, Srikant Mohta, Mukesh K. Ranjan, Mukesh K. Singh, Mahak Verma, Govind Makharia, Saurabh Kedia, Vineet Ahuja; Intest Res 2023;21(2):226-234. Published online June 13, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2022.00010

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Background/Aims
Intestinal tuberculosis (ITB) and Crohn’s disease (CD) frequently present with a diagnostic dilemma because of similar presentation. Interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) has been used in differentiating ITB from CD, but with sparse reports on its diagnostic accuracy in tuberculosis endemic regions and this study evaluated the same.
Methods
Patients with definitive diagnosis of ITB (n=59) or CD (n=49) who underwent IGRA testing (n=307) were retrospectively included at All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi (July 2014 to September 2021). CD or ITB was diagnosed as per standard criteria. IGRA was considered positive at >0.35 IU/mL. Relevant data was collected and IGRA results were compared between ITB and CD to determine its accuracy.
Results
Among 59 ITB patients (mean age, 32.6±13.1 years; median disease duration, 1 year; male, 59.3%), 24 were positive and 35 tested negative for IGRA. Among 49 CD patients (mean age, 37.8±14.0; median disease duration, 4 years; male, 61.2%), 12 were positive and 37 tested negative for IGRA. Hence, for diagnosing ITB, IGRA showed a sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of 40.68%, 75.51%, 66.67%, and 51.39%, respectively. The area under the curve of IGRA for ITB diagnosis was 0.66 (95% confidence interval, 0.55–0.75). In a subset (n=64), tuberculin skin test (TST) showed sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of 64.7%, 73.3%, 73.3%, and 64.71%, respectively. IGRA and TST were concordant in 38 (59.4%) patients with κ=0.17.
Conclusions
In a tuberculosis endemic region, IGRA had poor diagnostic accuracy for differentiating ITB from CD, suggesting a limited value of IGRA in this setting.

Citations

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New diagnostic strategies to distinguish Crohn's disease and gastrointestinal tuberculosis
Himanshu Narang, Saurabh Kedia, Vineet Ahuja
Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases.2024; 37(5): 392. CrossRef
Interferon-gamma release assays as a tool for differential diagnosis of gastrointestinal tuberculosis
Tsvetelina Velikova, Anita Aleksandrova
World Journal of Clinical Cases.2024; 12(27): 6015. CrossRef
Diagnostic yield and technical performance of the novel motorized spiral enteroscopy compared with single-balloon enteroscopy in suspected Crohn's disease: a prospective study (with video)
Partha Pal, Piyush Vishwakarma, Aniruddha Pratap Singh, Palle Manohar Reddy, Mohan Ramchandani, Rupa Banerjee, Anuradha Sekaran, Polina Vijayalaxmi, Hardik Rughwani, Pradev Inavolu, Santosh Darishetty, Pradeep Rebala, Guduru Venkat Rao, Manu Tandan, D. Na
Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.2023; 97(3): 493. CrossRef
Evidence-based approach to diagnosis and management of abdominal tuberculosis
Daya Krishna Jha, Mythili Menon Pathiyil, Vishal Sharma
Indian Journal of Gastroenterology.2023; 42(1): 17. CrossRef
Technical performance and diagnostic yield of motorised spiral enteroscopy compared with single-balloon enteroscopy in suspected Crohn’s disease: a randomised controlled, open-label study (the MOTOR-CD trial)
Partha Pal, Mohan Ramchandani, Rupa Banerjee, Piyush Viswakarma, Aniruddha Pratap Singh, Manohar Reddy, Hardik Rughwani, Rajendra Patel, Anuradha Sekaran, Swathi Kanaganti, Santosh Darisetty, Zaheer Nabi, Jagadish Singh, Rajesh Gupta, Sundeep Lakhtakia, R
Gut.2023; 72(10): 1866. CrossRef

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Infection

An overview of the gut side of the SARS-CoV-2 infection: Bruna Barbosa da Luz, Natalia Mulinari Turin de Oliveira, Isabella Wzorek França dos Santos, Luana Zampieron Paza, Lara Luisa Valerio de Mello Braga, Fernanda da Silva Platner, Maria Fernanda de Paula Werner, Elizabeth Soares Fernandes, Daniele Maria-Ferreira; Intest Res 2021;19(4):379-385. Published online November 6, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2020.00087

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In late 2019, an outbreak of pneumonia caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) initiated in Wuhan, Hubei province, China. The major clinical symptoms described for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) include respiratory distress and pneumonia in severe cases, and some patients may experience gastrointestinal impairments. In accordance, viral RNA or live infectious virus have been detected in feces of patients with COVID-19. Binding of SARS-CoV-2 to the angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a vital pathway for the virus entry into human cells, including those of the respiratory mucosa, esophageal epithelium as well as the absorptive enterocytes from ileum and colon. The interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and ACE2 receptor may decrease the receptor expression and disrupt the function of B⁰AT1 transporter influencing the diarrhea observed in COVID-19 patients. In this context, a fecal-oral transmission route has been considered and points out a role for the digestive tract in disease transmission and severity. Here, in order to further understand the impact of COVID-19 in human physiology, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease severity are discussed in the context of gastrointestinal disturbances.

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COVID‐19 in a common woolly monkey (Lagothrix lagothricha): First evidence of fatal outcome in a nonhuman primate after natural SARS‐CoV‐2 infection
Eduardo A. Diaz, Carolina Sáenz, Francisco Cabrera, Javier Rodríguez, Mateo Carvajal, Verónica Barragán
American Journal of Primatology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The COVID‐19 pandemic as a modifier of DGBI symptom severity: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Dmitrii Kulin, Ayesha Shah, Thomas Fairlie, Reuben K. Wong, Xiucai Fang, Uday C. Ghoshal, Purna C. Kashyap, Agata Mulak, Yeong Yeh Lee, Nicholas J. Talley, Natasha Koloski, Michael P. Jones, Gerald J. Holtmann
Neurogastroenterology & Motility.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Disorders of gut-brain interaction in post-acute COVID-19 syndrome
Rithvik Golla, Sudheer Kumar Vuyyuru, Bhaskar Kante, Saurabh Kedia, Vineet Ahuja
Postgraduate Medical Journal.2023; 99(1174): 834. CrossRef
Long-term Gastrointestinal Sequelae Following COVID-19: A Prospective Follow-up Cohort Study
Rithvik Golla, Sudheer Vuyyuru, Bhaskar Kante, Peeyush Kumar, David Mathew Thomas, Govind Makharia, Saurabh Kedia, Vineet Ahuja
Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2023; 21(3): 789. CrossRef
Impacts of COVID-19 in Breast Cancer: From Molecular Mechanism to the Treatment Approach
Maria Carolina Stipp, Claudia Rita Corso, Alexandra Acco
Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology.2023; 24(2): 238. CrossRef
Vaccination strategies for Korean patients with inflammatory bowel disease
Yoo Jin Lee, Eun Soo Kim
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2022; 37(5): 920. CrossRef
Korean Association for the Study of Intestinal Diseases guidance for clinical practice of adult inflammatory bowel disease during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: expert consensus statements
Yong Eun Park, Yoo Jin Lee, Ji Young Chang, Hyun Joo Song, Duk Hwan Kim, Young Joo Yang, Byung Chang Kim, Jae Gon Lee, Hee Chan Yang, Miyoung Choi, Seong-Eun Kim, Seung-Jae Myung
Intestinal Research.2022; 20(4): 431. CrossRef
Diarrhea Is a Hallmark of Inflammation in Pediatric COVID-19
Marco Poeta, Francesco Nunziata, Margherita Del Bene, Francesca Morlino, Alessia Salatto, Sara Maria Scarano, Valentina Cioffi, Michele Amitrano, Eugenia Bruzzese, Alfredo Guarino, Andrea Lo Vecchio
Viruses.2022; 14(12): 2723. CrossRef
Shared inflammatory pathways and therapeutic strategies in COVID-19 and cancer immunotherapy
Lorenzo Iovino, Laurel A Thur, Sacha Gnjatic, Aude Chapuis, Filippo Milano, Joshua A Hill
Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer.2021; 9(5): e002392. CrossRef
KASID Guidance for Clinical Practice Management of Adult Inflammatory Bowel Disease during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Expert Consensus Statement
Yong Eun Park, Yoo Jin Lee, Ji Young Chang, Hyun Joo Song, Duk Hwan Kim, Young Joo Yang, Byung Chang Kim, Jae Gon Lee, Hee Chan Yang, Miyoung Choi, Seong-Eun Kim, Seung-Jae Myung
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology.2021; 78(2): 105. CrossRef
Host Response to SARS-CoV2 and Emerging Variants in Pre-Existing Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases
Baibaswata Nayak, Geetanjali Lal, Sonu Kumar, Chandan J. Das, Anoop Saraya, Shalimar
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Diosmectite inhibits the interaction between SARS-CoV-2 and human enterocytes by trapping viral particles, thereby preventing NF-kappaB activation and CXCL10 secretion
Marco Poeta, Valentina Cioffi, Vittoria Buccigrossi, Merlin Nanayakkara, Melissa Baggieri, Roberto Peltrini, Angela Amoresano, Fabio Magurano, Alfredo Guarino
Scientific Reports.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Molecular Mechanisms of Possible Action of Phenolic Compounds in COVID-19 Protection and Prevention
Nikola Gligorijevic, Mirjana Radomirovic, Olgica Nedic, Marija Stojadinovic, Urmila Khulal, Dragana Stanic-Vucinic, Tanja Cirkovic Velickovic
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2021; 22(22): 12385. CrossRef
Clinical Course of COVID-19 in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Korea: a KASID Multicenter Study
Jin Wook Lee, Eun Mi Song, Sung-Ae Jung, Sung Hoon Jung, Kwang Woo Kim, Seong-Joon Koh, Hyun Jung Lee, Seung Wook Hong, Jin Hwa Park, Sung Wook Hwang, Dong-Hoon Yang, Byong Duk Ye, Jeong-Sik Byeon, Seung-Jae Myung, Suk-Kyun Yang, Sang Hyoung Park
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2021;[Epub] CrossRef

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Infection

Gastrointestinal tract diseases as a risk factor for SARSCoV2 rectal shedding? An Italian report on 10 COVID-19 patients: Angela Patrì, Biagio Pinchera, Lorenzo Spirito, Mario Delfino, Ciro Imbimbo, Paola Salvatore, Ivan Gentile, Gabriella Fabbrocini; Intest Res 2021;19(3):354-356. Published online November 6, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2020.00084

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Korean Association for the Study of Intestinal Diseases guidance for clinical practice of adult inflammatory bowel disease during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic: expert consensus statements
Yong Eun Park, Yoo Jin Lee, Ji Young Chang, Hyun Joo Song, Duk Hwan Kim, Young Joo Yang, Byung Chang Kim, Jae Gon Lee, Hee Chan Yang, Miyoung Choi, Seong-Eun Kim, Seung-Jae Myung
Intestinal Research.2022; 20(4): 431. CrossRef
Database of SARS-CoV-2 and coronaviruses kinetics relevant for assessing persistence in food processing plants
Ngoc-Du Martin Luong, Laurent Guillier, Sandra Martin-Latil, Christophe Batejat, India Leclercq, Christine Druesne, Moez Sanaa, Estelle Chaix
Scientific Data.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
KASID Guidance for Clinical Practice Management of Adult Inflammatory Bowel Disease during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Expert Consensus Statement
Yong Eun Park, Yoo Jin Lee, Ji Young Chang, Hyun Joo Song, Duk Hwan Kim, Young Joo Yang, Byung Chang Kim, Jae Gon Lee, Hee Chan Yang, Miyoung Choi, Seong-Eun Kim, Seung-Jae Myung
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology.2021; 78(2): 105. CrossRef
Clinical Course of COVID-19 in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Korea: a KASID Multicenter Study
Jin Wook Lee, Eun Mi Song, Sung-Ae Jung, Sung Hoon Jung, Kwang Woo Kim, Seong-Joon Koh, Hyun Jung Lee, Seung Wook Hong, Jin Hwa Park, Sung Wook Hwang, Dong-Hoon Yang, Byong Duk Ye, Jeong-Sik Byeon, Seung-Jae Myung, Suk-Kyun Yang, Sang Hyoung Park
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2021;[Epub] CrossRef

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Infection

Whipple disease mimicking inflammatory bowel disease: Maiko Tatsuki, Takashi Ishige, Yoshiko Igarashi, Reiko Hatori, Akira Hokama, Junko Hirato, Aleixo Muise, Takumi Takizawa, Hirokazu Arakawa; Intest Res 2021;19(1):119-125. Published online July 3, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2019.09177

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Whipple disease is a systemic chronic infection caused by Tropheryma whipplei. Although chronic diarrhea is a common gastrointestinal symptom, diagnosis is often difficult because there are no specific endoscopic findings, and the pathogen is not detectable by stool culture. We present a female patient with Whipple disease who developed chronic bloody diarrhea and growth retardation at the age of 4 years. Colonoscopy showed a mildly edematous terminal ileum and marked erythema without vascular patterns throughout the sigmoid colon and rectum. Subsequently, a primary diagnosis of ulcerative colitis was made. Histopathological analysis of the terminal ileum showed the presence of foamy macrophages filled with periodic acidSchiff-positive particles. Polymerase chain reaction using DNA from a terminal ileum biopsy sample amplified a fragment of 16S rRNA from T. whipplei. Antibiotic treatment relieved the patient’s symptoms. There was no evidence of immunodeficiency in the present case. Since Whipple disease worsens after anti-tumor necrosis factor inhibitor therapy, considering this infection in the differential diagnosis may be important in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, especially before initiation of immunotherapy.

Citations

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Through the Looking Glass: A Child With Arthralgia, Malaise and Weight Loss
Aline R. Verhage, Iris D. Nagtegaal, Cathelijne van der Feen, Tom F.W. Wolfs
Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal.2023; 42(7): 629. CrossRef
Enfermedad de Whipple: revisión sistemática de la literatura
Ledmar Jovanny Vargas Rodriguez, Jeinny Lucero Ruiz Muñoz, Paola Andrea Bolivar Córdoba, Monica Dayana Romero Cely, Ervirson Jair Cañon Abril, Zulma Marisol Suarez Correa, María Angélica Mendoza Cáceres
Revista colombiana de Gastroenterología.2023; 38(1): 35. CrossRef
Whipple’s Disease with Colonic Involvement: A Rare Endoscopic Documentation
Verónica Gamelas, Ines Canha, João Pimentel, Sara Santos, Verónica Borges, Carlos Bernardes
GE - Portuguese Journal of Gastroenterology.2022; 29(6): 436. CrossRef
Whipple’s disease with normal duodenal histology diagnosed by ileal biopsy using balloon endoscopy
Hideki Mori, Chiaki Yakabi, Kiwamu Yonahara, Kazunao Hamahiga, Miyu Yoshimura, Masaki Sakihara, Kenji Ishihara, Kinya Azama, Takayuki Chinen, Osamu Zaha
Clinical Journal of Gastroenterology.2022; 15(4): 702. CrossRef

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Infection

Gastrointestinal histoplasmosis: a case series from a non-endemic region in North India: Harshal S Mandavdhare, Jimil Shah, Kaushal K Prasad, Roshan Agarwala, Vikas Suri, Savita Kumari, Usha Dutta, Vishal Sharma; Intest Res 2019;17(1):149-152. Published online October 16, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2018.00111

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Gastrointestinal Histoplasmosis: A Descriptive Review, 2001–2021
Bassey E. Ekeng, Asa E. Itam-Eyo, Iriagbonse I. Osaigbovo, Adilia Warris, Rita O. Oladele, Felix Bongomin, David W. Denning
Life.2023; 13(3): 689. CrossRef
Isolated Colonic Histoplasmosis in Patients Undergoing Immunomodulator Therapy: A Systematic Review
Faisal Inayat, Gul Nawaz, Arslan Afzal, Maleeha Ajmal, Marjan Haider, Muhammad Sarfraz, Zaka Ul Haq, Sobaan Taj, Rizwan Ishtiaq
Journal of Investigative Medicine High Impact Case Reports.2023; 11: 232470962311794. CrossRef
An Unusual Discovery of Multi-Opportunistic Organisms in Gastrointestinal Biopsies of a Patient With Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome and Infectious Colitis
Chirag Patel, Patricia Le, Malik Salman, Stephen Cavalieri, Joyce Kovar
Cureus.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
A case report of gastrointestinal histoplasmosis in a patient treated with infliximab
Berta Oliveras, Marc Albert, Carme López, Esther Fort, Laia Peries, Laia Gutiérrez, David Busquets, Hugo Uchima, Xavier Aldeguer, Virginia Piñol
Clinical Journal of Gastroenterology.2021; 14(2): 690. CrossRef
A case of gastrointestinal histoplasmosis with esophageal involvement
Mathew Finniss, Paul Lewis, James Myers, Lamis Ibrahim, Paras Patel
Clinical Journal of Gastroenterology.2020; 13(2): 173. CrossRef
Ileocecal thickening: Clinical approach to a common problem
Roshan Agarwala, Abhi K Singh, Jimil Shah, Harshal S Mandavdhare, Vishal Sharma
JGH Open.2019; 3(6): 456. CrossRef

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Infection

Cytomegalovirus colitis in immunocompetent patients: Jae Ho Park, Hee Seok Moon; Intest Res 2018;16(3):504-505. Published online July 27, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2018.16.3.504

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Acute cytomegalovirus infection modulates the intestinal microbiota and targets intestinal epithelial cells
Vu Thuy Khanh Le‐Trilling, Jana‐Fabienne Ebel, Franziska Baier, Kerstin Wohlgemuth, Kai Robin Pfeifer, Aart Mookhoek, Philippe Krebs, Madita Determann, Benjamin Katschinski, Alexandra Adamczyk, Erik Lange, Robert Klopfleisch, Christian M. Lange, Viktoriya
European Journal of Immunology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
The Overlooked Agent: Cytomegalovirus Colitis in an Immunocompetent Patient
Margarida Lagarto, Ana Santos, Bruno D Freitas, Marta Anastácio, Susana Jesus
Cureus.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Cytomegalovirus hemorrhagic colitis in an immunocompetent patient with COVID-19 infection: A case report
Neha Mehta, Sangam Shah, Madhur Bhattarai, Rajan Chamlagain, Amir Joshi, Ashish Mehta, Dinesh Koirala
SAGE Open Medical Case Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Cytomegalovirus enteritis with intractable diarrhea in infants from a tertiary care center in China
Yuhuan Wang, Zhiheng Huang, Ziqing Ye, Cuifang Zheng, Zhinong Jiang, Ying Huang
Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology.2020; 55(1): 55. CrossRef
Unremitting diarrhoea in a girl diagnosed anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate-receptor encephalitis: A case report
Norrapat Onpoaree, Montida Veeravigrom, Anapat Sanpavat, Narissara Suratannon, Palittiya Sintusek
World Journal of Clinical Cases.2020; 8(20): 4866. CrossRef

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Infection

Rapid and accurate diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection by real-time polymerase chain reaction: Pil Hun Song, Jung Hwa Min, You Sun Kim, Soo Yeon Jo, Eun Jin Kim, Kyung Jin Lee, Jeonghun Lee, Hyun Sung, Jeong Seop Moon, Dong Hee Whang; Intest Res 2018;16(1):109-115. Published online January 18, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2018.16.1.109

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<b>Background/Aims</b><br/>

The incidence and severity of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) have increased worldwide, resulting in a need for rapid and accurate diagnostic methods.

Methods

A retrospective study was conducted to compare CDI diagnosis methods between January 2014 and December 2014. The stool samples, which were obtained in presumptive CDI patients, were compared for their diagnostic accuracy and rapidity, including real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of toxin genes, C. difficile toxin assay, and culture for C. difficile.

Results

A total of 207 cases from 116 patients were enrolled in this study and 117 cases (56.5%) were diagnosed as having CDI. Among the 117 cases, the sensitivities of real-time PCR, C. difficile toxin assay, and culture for C. difficile were 87.2% (102 cases; 95% CI, 80.7%–92.8%), 48.7% (57 cases; 95% CI, 41.0%–59.8%), and 65.0% (76 cases; 95% CI, 60.2%–78.5%), respectively (P<0.005). Notably, 34 cases (29.0%) were diagnosed with CDI by real-time PCR only. The time required to obtain results was 2.27 hours (136.62±82.51 minutes) for real-time PCR, 83.67 hours (5,020.66±3,816.38 minutes) for toxin assay, and 105.79 hours (6,347.68±3,331.46 minutes) for culture (P<0.005), respectively.

Conclusions

We confirmed that real-time PCR of toxin genes is the most effective diagnostic method for accurate and early diagnosis of CDI. It also helps to diagnose hypervirulent CDI, such as ribotype 027 infection.

Citations

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Usefulness of Stool Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction Assays in Patients with Acute Diarrhea
Seo Hyun Kim, You Sun Kim, Seung Hyuk Kim, Won Eui Yoon, Hee Jun Myung, Jeong Seop Moon, Dong Hee Whang
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology.2022; 79(3): 118. CrossRef
Persistent Leg Drainage in a Pediatric Trauma Patient
Ashley Howard, Michelle R. Rychalsky, Thomas S. Murray
Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal.2021; 40(6): 597. CrossRef
Real-Time Detection and Motion Recognition of Human Moving Objects Based on Deep Learning and Multi-Scale Feature Fusion in Video
Meimei Gong, Yiming Shu
IEEE Access.2020; 8: 25811. CrossRef
Temporal change of risk factors in hospital-acquired Clostridioides difficile infection using time-trend analysis
Jiyoun Song, Bevin Cohen, Philip Zachariah, Jianfang Liu, Elaine L. Larson
Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology.2020; 41(9): 1048. CrossRef
Incidence and Characteristics ofClostridioides difficileInfection in Children
Heera Jeong, Ji-Man Kang, Jong Gyun Ahn
Pediatric Infection & Vaccine.2020; 27(3): 158. CrossRef
RecurrentClostridium difficileInfection: Risk Factors, Treatment, and Prevention
Jung Hoon Song, You Sun Kim
Gut and Liver.2019; 13(1): 16. CrossRef
Is Clostridium difficile infection a real threat in patients with ulcerative colitis? A prospective, multicenter study in Korea
Dae Bum Kim, Kang-Moon Lee, Sang Hyoung Park, You Sun Kim, Eun Soo Kim, Jun Lee, Sung-Ae Jung, Geom Seog Seo, Ji Min Lee
Intestinal Research.2018; 16(2): 267. CrossRef

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