Effectiveness of transabdominal ultrasonography in predicting clinical relapse of Crohn’s disease
Intest Res. 2023;22(1):82-91
Crohn's disease (CD), primarily affecting the ileum and colon, poses challenges in managing and predicting disease activity. Despite various treatments, many CD patients experience relapses and about 50% develop complications. Identifying patients nonresponsive to treatments is crucial. Transabdominal ultrasound (US) has emerged as a promising, non-invasive, and cost-effective diagnostic tool for CD, offering accuracy in disease management and patient care.
The present study investigates the efficacy of transabdominal US in predicting clinical relapse in CD patients. Utilizing a unique US-based scoring system, the research analyzes a retrospective patient data. The study included 73 patients who were followed for a median duration of 1,441 days, during which various clinical outcomes were observed. The results demonstrate a clear correlation between high US-CD scores and increased relapse risk, offering a non-invasive, effective tool for anticipating disease progression and guiding treatment strategies.
- Of the patients, 16.4% experienced clinical relapse, 9.6% required endoscopic balloon dilation (EBD), 58.9% needed enhanced treatment, and 20.5% underwent surgery.
- High US-CD scores are strongly linked to CD relapse. In multivariate analysis, US-CD was significantly associated with both clinical relapse (P=0.038) and the need for enhanced treatment (P<0.01).
- The area under the ROC curve with US-CD was 0.77 for predicting clinical relapse (cutoff value=11), 0.81 for the need for EBD (cutoff value=11), and 0.74 for requiring enhanced treatment (cutoff value=6), respectively.
- Patients with a US-CD score of 11 or higher had a significantly higher risk of clinical relapse and need for EBD within 5 years, while those with a score of 6 or higher were more likely to require enhanced treatment in the same timeframe.
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