Intest Res > Volume 17(2); 2019 > Article |
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FINANCIAL SUPPORT
The authors received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
E.G.S. was supported through the NIHR Nottingham Digestive Diseases Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and University of Nottingham. S.S. has received consultancy fees from Falk; speaker fees from MSD and financial support for educational activities from Merck Sharp, Dohme Ltd, Abbvie and Ferring. G.W.M has received educational support from Abbvie, Janssen, NAPP, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Merck Sharp & Dohme Ltd, Ferring and Dr Falk; speaker honoraria from Merck Sharp & Dohme Ltd, Abbvie, Janssen, Ferring and Takeda Pharmaceuticals and is on the Advisory boards for Abbvie, Takeda Pharmaceuticals, Janssen and Dr Falk. R.W., A.A.T., and J.E. have no conflicts of interest to declare.
AUTHOR CONTRIBUTION
Simon EG: conception & design of the study; data acquisition, analysis & interpretation; drafting and revising the article; final approval. Wardle R, Thi AA, Eldridge J, and Samuel S: data interpretation; revising the article; final approval. Moran GW: conception & design of the study; data interpretation; revising the article; final approval. All authors have approved the final version of the manuscript.
Study | Design | Patient spectrum | SB Crohn's | LB Crohn's | Reference standard/scoring system used |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
af Björkesten [14] | Prospective | Anti-TNF treated luminal Crohn’s | 33 | 50 | SES-CD |
Faubion [65] | Cross-sectional | Crohn’s cohort on follow-up | 22 | 12 | ICO-CTE score |
Gecse [17] | Cross-sectional | Crohn’s undergoing ileocolonoscopy | 9 | 20 | SES-CD |
Jensen [19] | Cross-sectional | Suspected Crohn’s under evaluation | 13 | 16 | Endoscopy/capsule/surgery |
Jones [64] | Cross-sectional | Crohn’s undergoing ileocolonoscopy | 53 | 40 | SES-CD |
Lobatón [67] | Cross-sectional | Crohn’s undergoing ileocolonoscopy | 26 | 45 | CDEIS |
Makanyanga [68] | Cross-sectional | Crohn’s cohort on follow-up | 18 | 15 | MEGS |
Maltz [69] | Cross-sectional | Crohn’s cohort on follow-up | 9 | 18 | Endoscopy |
Schoepfer [70] | Cross-sectional | Crohn’s undergoing ileocolonoscopy | 35 | 20 | SES-CD |
Sipponen [71] | Cross-sectional | Crohn’s undergoing ileocolonoscopy | 16 | 17 | SES-CD |
Sipponen [18] | Cross-sectional | Crohn’s undergoing ileocolonoscopy | 19 | 14 | CDEIS |
Stawczyk-Eder [72] | Cross-sectional | Hospitalized Crohn’s | 44 | 22 | SES-CD |
Zittan [73] | Cross-sectional | Crohn’s cohort on follow-up | 14 | 23 | SES-CD, MaRIA |
Moniuszko [74] | Cross-sectional | Hospitalized Crohn’s | NA | NA | SES-CD, CT enteroclysis |
Goutorbe [75] | Cross-sectional | Crohn’s undergoing ileocolonoscopy | 13 | 12 | CDEIS |
Lin [76] | Prospective | Crohn’s cohort on follow-up | 4 | 8 | CDEIS |
Study |
Risk of bias |
Applicability concerns |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Subject selection | Index test | Reference standard | Flow and timing | Subject selection | Index test | Reference standard | |
af Björkesten [14] | Low | Low | Low | Low | High | NC | NC |
Faubion [66] | Unclear | Low | Unclear | Unclear | High | NC | NC |
Gecse [17] | High | Low | Unclear | Low | Unclear | NC | NC |
Jensen [19] | Unclear | Low | Unclear | High | High | NC | NC |
Jones [64] | Unclear | Low | Low | Low | Low | NC | NC |
Lobatón [67] | Low | High | Low | High | Low | NC | NC |
Makanyanga [68] | Unclear | High | Low | Unclear | High | NC | NC |
Maltz [69] | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | Low | Unclear | NC | NC |
Schoepfer [70] | High | Low | Low | Unclear | Low | NC | NC |
Sipponen [71] | Unclear | Low | Low | Low | Unclear | NC | NC |
Sipponen [18] | Unclear | Low | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | NC | NC |
Stawczyk-Eder [72] | Unclear | High | Low | Low | Low | NC | NC |
Zittan [73] | Unclear | Low | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | NC | NC |
Moniuszko [74] | Unclear | Low | Unclear | Unclear | Unclear | NC | NC |
Goutorbe [75] | Low | Low | Low | Low | Low | NC | NC |
Lin [76] | Unclear | Low | Low | Low | Low | NC | NC |
Study | SB Crohn’s | LB Crohn’s | Reference standard/scoring system used | Key result | Inference |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
af Björkesten [14] | 33 | 50 | SES-CD | Median FC level in SB: 86 µg/g | No difference between both locations |
LB: 158 µg/g (NS) | |||||
Gecse [17] | 9 | 20 | SES-CD | Mean FC level in SB: 297±81 µg/g | Higher in LB location |
LB: 1,523±97 µg/g (P<0.0001) | |||||
Jensen [19] | 13 | 16 | Endoscopy/capsule/surgery | Median FC level in SB: 890 mg/kg | No difference between both locations |
LB: 830 mg/kg (NS) | |||||
Lobatón [67] | 26 | 45 | CDEIS | Median FC level in SB: 420.5 µg/g | Higher in LB location |
LB: 1,297 µg/g (P=0.013) | |||||
Makanyanga [68] | 18 | 15 | MEGS | Mean FC level in SB: 319.1 μg/g | No difference between both locations |
LB: 342 μg/g (NS) | |||||
Maltz [69] | 9 | 18 | Endoscopy | Median FC level in SB: 442 µg/g | Higher in LB location |
LB: 66 µg/g (P<0.002) | |||||
Schoepfer [70] | 35 | 20 | SES-CD | Mean FC level in SB: 287±279 μg/g | No difference between both locations |
LB: 401±312 μg/g (NS) | |||||
Sipponen [18] | 19 | 14 | CDEIS | Median FC level in SB: 180 µg/g | Higher in LB location |
LB: 1,383 µg/g (P=0.017) | |||||
Moniuszko [74] | NA | NA | SES-CD, CT enteroclysis | Median FC level in SB: 195 μg/g | No difference between both locations |
LB: 401 μg/g (NS) | |||||
Goutorbe [75] | 13 | 12 | CDEIS | Median FC level in SB: 841 µg/g | No difference between both locations |
LB: 1,575.5 µg/g (NS) | |||||
Lin [76] | 4 | 8 | CDEIS | Median FC level in SB: 2,693 μg/g | No difference between both locations |
LB: 176 μg/g (NS) |
Study | SB Crohn’s | LB Crohn’s | Reference standard/scoring system used | Key result | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Jones [64] | 53 | 40 | SES-CD | Correlation in | Correlation noted only at LB location |
SB: -0.01 (NS) | |||||
LB: 0.8 (P<0.05) | |||||
Lobatón [67] | 26 | 45 | CDEIS | Correlation in | - |
SB: 0.437 (P=0.016) | |||||
LB: 0.725 (P<0.01) | |||||
Sipponen [71] | 16 | 17 | SES-CD | Correlation in | Correlation noted only at LB location |
SB: 0.317 (NS) | |||||
LB: 0.642 (P<0.01) | |||||
Stawczyk-Eder [72] | 44 | 22 | SES-CD | Correlation with SES-CD in | - |
SB: 0.78 (P<0.0001) | |||||
LB: 0.78 (P<0.0002) | |||||
Zittan [73] | 14 | 23 | SES-CD, MaRIA | Correlation in | Correlation noted only at LB location |
SB: 0.4 (P=NS) | |||||
LB: 0.61 (P<0.0001) |
Study |
Sensitivity |
Specificity |
FC cutoff (μg/g) | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
SB (95% CI) | LB (95% CI) | SB (95% CI) | LB (95% CI) | ||
Jensen [19]a | 92 | 94 | NA | NA | 50 |
Lobatón [67]a | 63 | 79 | 100 | 100 | 272 |
Zittan [79]a | 75 | 100 | 50 | 67 | 100 |
af Björkesten [14] | 60.0 (32.9-82.5) | 78.9 (53.9-93.0) | 100.0 (62.9-100.0) | 75.0 (35.6-95.5) | 100 |
Faubion [66] | 76.9 (46.0-93.8) | 80.0 (29.9-98.9) | 75.0 (35.6-95.5) | 28.6 (5.1-69.7) | 100 |
Gecse [17] | 42.9 (11.8-79.8) | 100.0 (78.1-100.0) | NA | 100.0 (5.5-100.0) | 200 |
Goutorbe [75] | 100 (51.7-100) | 100.0 (62.9-100.0) | 50.0 (13.9-86.0) | 33.3 (1.8-87.5) | 200 |
Moniuszko [74] | 100 (31.0-100) | 66.7 (30.9-91.0) | 100.0 (31.0-100.0) | 50.0 (2.7-97.3) | 238 |