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Review
- IBD
- Gut, bone, and muscle: the triad of osteosarcopenia in inflammatory bowel disease
- Shilpa Sharma
- Intest Res 2025;23(3):254-289. Published online April 29, 2025
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2024.00185
- Correction in: Intest Res 2026;24(1):192
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Abstract
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ePub - Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic inflammatory conditions affecting the gastrointestinal tract that can lead to multiple systemic complications. Among these, osteosarcopenia has emerged as a significant concern, characterized by the concurrent deterioration of bone density and muscle mass, strength, and function. This dual deterioration significantly elevates the risk of falls and fractures, thereby exacerbating morbidity and diminishing quality of life. The pathogenesis of IBD-associated osteosarcopenia is multifactorial, with chronic intestinal inflammation serving as a central driver. Pro-inflammatory cytokines simultaneously disrupt bone homeostasis and muscle metabolism, creating a catabolic environment that impacts both tissues. Nutritional deficiencies, common in IBD due to malabsorption and decreased dietary intake, further compromise both bone mineralization and muscle protein synthesis. Management requires a comprehensive approach combining nutritional optimization, structured physical therapy, and lifestyle modifications. Pharmacological interventions integrate diseasespecific treatments with targeted therapies including vitamin D supplementation, hormonal treatments, and bisphosphonates when indicated. This review synthesizes current evidence regarding the prevalence, pathogenesis, and clinical impact of osteosarcopenia in IBD, highlighting areas requiring further investigation.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
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Qihang Yang, Yibo Qiao, Pengfei Shi, Zongqiang Huang
The Journal of nutrition, health and aging.2026; 30(1): 100744. CrossRef - Correction: Gut, bone, and muscle: the triad of osteosarcopenia in inflammatory bowel disease
Shilpa Sharma
Intestinal Research.2026; 24(1): 192. CrossRef - Cross-talk of gut-bone-muscle: osteosarcopenia in experimental colitis models
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Current Treatment Options in Gastroenterology.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
- Osteosarcopenic obesity and the progression of physical frailty, cognition function, and mental health: First longitudinal evidence from ELSA
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